Hydrogen produced from renewable sources is called green hydrogen, and the production methods include biomass processes (biological or thermochemical) and water splitting (electrolysis, thermolysis, and photolysis).
This study first summarizes the different pathways for green hydrogen production. Additionally, an assessment of the different green hydrogen production methodologies is explored. Moreover, this study investigates the role of green hydrogen in achieving the UN-SDGs.
The main goal of this study is to describe several methods of producing hydrogen based on the principal energy sources utilized. Moreover, the financial and ecological outcomes of three key hydrogen colors (gray, blue, and green) are discussed.
A new method for green hydrogen production, introduced by Technion researchers, leverages renewable energy for a cleaner, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to fossil fuels, marking a significant advancement in the fight against global warming. Credit: SciTechDaily .
Green hydrogen ( GH2 or GH2) is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water, using renewable electricity. [1] [2] Production of green hydrogen causes significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than production of grey hydrogen, which is derived from fossil fuels without carbon capture. [3]
Considering that most of this energy is currently supplied by fossil fuels, a considerable amount of greenhouse gases are emitted, contributing to climate change, which is the reason why the next European Union binding agreement is focused on reducing carbon emissions using hydrogen.
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is focused on developing technologies that can produce hydrogen at $2/kg by 2025 and $1/kg by 2030 via net-zero-carbon pathways. This is in direct support of the Hydrogen Energy Earthshot goal of reducing the cost of clean hydrogen by 80% to $1 per 1 kilogram in 1 decade ("1 1 1").
The most common technique is to extract hydrogen from water, which is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen (hence H2O). Doing this is fairly simple. You can use heat and chemical reactions to release hydrogen from organic materials such as fossil fuels. But this is enormously polluting.
Yu et al. [19] provides insights into low-carbon hydrogen production methods, focusing on green, blue, and aqua hydrogen. It examines the differences and benefits of each method, emphasizing their contributions to reducing carbon emissions.
Green hydrogen is produced through electrolysis, a process that separates water into hydrogen and oxygen, using electricity generated from renewable sources. Today it accounts for just 0.1% of global hydrogen production.